(LB01-08-25) The Role of Nutrition Apps in Improving the Management of Diabetes and Hypertension in a Food-Insecure Population in Brazil

Objectives: Examine health app use and key features that support nutrition behavior changes in food-insecure patients (18–60 years) with type 2 diabetes or hypertension.

Methods: Food insecurity affects 58% of Brazilians, increasing risks for chronic diseases. This qualitative cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil, included 20 food-insecure patients (18–60 years) with type 2 diabetes or hypertension, examining health app use and key features that support nutrition behavior changes. Participants were recruited from a local outpatient clinic. Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity, and semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted in person, recorded, transcribed, and anonymized. Two independent researchers performed qualitative analysis, applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 framework (Venkatesh et al., 2012): Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, Habits, and Price Value.

Results: Among participants, 25% experienced severe food insecurity, 50% moderate, 25% low. Participants were 55% Black and 45% Brown, mostly female (85%).

Results on participants' perceptions of using apps revealed some challenges and opportunities. Performance Expectancy showed mixed views, with some finding apps useful while others lacked reliable options. Effort Expectancy revealed digital literacy barriers and concerns on misinformation. Social Influence was critical, as patients trusted health professionals and family. Facilitating Conditions revealed major barriers on financial constraints, limited internet access, and security concerns. Hedonic Motivation influenced engagement, with goal-setting increasing use while distractions hindered it. Habits showed most participants used apps for communication and entertainment rather than health. Price Value was a major concern, as high internet costs and paid subscriptions limited access.

Conclusions: Key factors affecting health app adoption include digital illiteracy, financial barriers, and trust. Future apps should ensure user-friendly navigation, foster trust, and support chronic disease management.

Funding Sources: Lemann Center for Brazilian Studies