(P04-005-25) Multi-trajectories of Plant Protein and Animal Protein Intake With All-Cause Mortality and Overweight/Obesity: Results From CHNS, 1989–2015

Objectives: The current study aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of plant protein and animal protein intake and determine their association with all-cause mortality and overweight/obesity risk among Chinese adults.

Methods: We used the data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, total of 7,272 participants were included in the analysis. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling was conducted to determine the multi-trajectory groups of plant protein and animal protein intake over decades. And estimated their association with all-cause mortality and overweight/obesity risk by Cox regression and binary logistics regression models, respectively. A restricted cubic spline was performed to determine the nonlinear relationships of mean plant protein and animal protein intake with mortality and overweight/obesity.

Results: Three trajectories groups were identified “plant protein intake decreased precipitately, but to a moderate level, animal protein intake increased slightly, and still at a moderate low level” (Group1), “plant protein and animal protein intake change to moderate level, plant protein was predominant” (Group2), “both plant protein and animal protein intake were relatively stable, but animal protein intake has remanded at high levels” (Group3). Adjusted the confounders, both Group2 and Group3 were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.493, 95%CI: 1.152,1.935; HR: 1.607, 95%CI: 1.126,2.294, respectively), compared with Group1, and still obverse association between Group 2 and Group3 with risk of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.937, 95%CI: 1.755,2.139; OR: 2.775, 95%CI: 2.472,3.116, respectively). The restricted cubic spline show that only a nonlinear relationship between mean plant protein intake and overweight/obesity (p for nonlinear < 0.001).

Conclusions: High animal protein intake may contribute to all-cause mortality and overweight/obesity. Considering the health impacts can vary significantly depending on the quality of food sources. The causality of these connections linkages has to be determined and verified further.

Funding Sources: National Key R&D Program of China,Active Health and Aging Technologic Solutions Major Project-Study of Diet and Nutrition Assessment and Intervention Technology (No. 2020YFC2006300)