(P17-080-25) The Association Between Combined Key Macroelement Exposure and Hypertension Risk Among Permanent Residents in the Qinling-Daba Mountain Region of China

Objectives: This study analyzed hair macroelement levels in residents of the Qinling-Daba Mountain Region (Qinba) of China to explore their relationship with hypertension risk, providing a basis for local prevention and control.

Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed Qinba Mountain residents on demographics, chronic diseases, lifestyle, and diet. Blood pressure was measured with electronic monitors, and hair concentrations of six elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S) were analyzed using ICP-MS. Data were analyzed with SPSS, Stata, and R. Chi-square and t-tests assessed demographic differences, while the Mann-Whitney U test compared element levels between hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. Pearson correlation explored relationships with blood pressure, and multivariate logistic regression, RCS, PCA, and BKMR models analyzed the link between element levels and hypertension risk, including interactions.

Results: A total of 336 subjects were included, with 199 (59.23%) having hypertension. The hypertension group had slightly higher age and BMI (P >0.05). Hair mineral concentrations (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S) were lower in the hypertension group, with significant differences in Ca, K, and Na (P < 0.05). The risk of hypertension was lower in the fourth quartile of K (OR=0.532, 95%CI: 0.287~0.985), remaining significant after adjustment (OR=0.421, 95%CI: 0.215~0.824). Na correlated positively with SBP, while Mg and S correlated negatively with DBP. Pearson analysis showed weak correlations between Ca, Na, and BP. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a dose-response relationship between Ca, K, Na, and hypertension risk. PCA and BKMR models showed combined Ca and Mg exposure negatively correlated with hypertension risk (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.729~0.999), with Ca and Na being most influential. Calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium may interact to affect hypertension risk.

Conclusions: In Qinba Mountain residents, hair concentrations of Ca and K are negatively correlated with hypertension risk, while Na is positively correlated. Hair elements are interrelated, and combined Ca and Mg exposure may reduce hypertension risk.

Funding Sources: The funding for this study came from the Subject Innovation Team at Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine.