(P13-017-25) The Effects of Mango Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Dietary Patterns

Objectives: There are limited studies on the effects of fresh mango consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in apparently healthy individuals. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine whether mango consumption lowers the risk factors for CVD, such as decreasing serum concentrations of cholesterol (total and low-density lipoproteins), triglycerides, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure, increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and improving dietary patterns. The hypothesis is that mango consumption will decrease these CVD risk factors and improve dietary patterns, such as increasing the consumption of fiber, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and carotenoids compared to the iso-caloric control group.

Methods: This study followed a randomized, controlled, cross-over design. The participants (18 to 40 years) consumed either 1 cup of mango or wafers (iso-caloric control) per day for 16 weeks. After a 4-week washout period, the subjects consumed the other dietary treatment for 16 weeks. The participants consumed their typical diets during the study. Blood draws for the lipid panels were performed at baseline, after 8 weeks, and after 16 weeks. In addition, height, body weight, BMI, and blood pressure measurements were taken at these time points. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA determined if there were significant differences in CVD risk factors between the mango and wafer diets. Furthermore, T-tests were used to detect differences between the initial and final 24-hour dietary recalls. Twenty-two participants (11 in each group) completed the study.

Results: The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences in lipid, body weight, BMI, and blood pressure values between the mango and wafer groups. However, individuals displayed healthy dietary changes by participating in this study, such as significantly increasing the consumption of fiber, legumes, and lycopene.

Conclusions: This human intervention trial indicated that the consumption of mangoes did not affect CVD risk factors compared to wafers (as part of typical diets). However, participating in a study on mangoes improved dietary patterns, such as significantly increasing fiber, legume, and lycopene intakes.

Funding Sources: National Mango Board