(P12-020-25) Influence of the Ketogenic Diet on Quality of Life in Patients Through the Inhibition of Oncogenic Signaling Pathways and Insulin Receptors in Tumors
Jacquelyne A. Motta, 1: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Objectives: The ketogenic diet (KD) has gained attention in the medical field for its potential anticancer effects. By targeting tumor metabolism, inflammation, and the tumor microenvironment, KD impacts how cancer cells use glucose for survival. Defined as a high-fat, moderate-protein, and low-carbohydrate diet, KD is cost-effective, safer, and easier to implement compared to traditional therapies. Aggressive cancers often display glycolytic phenotypes detected through PET scans using FDG. KD can lower glucose, insulin, and IGF-1 levels in circulation, limiting the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and insulin receptors in tumors. These "insulin-suppressive diets" appear to act through this mechanism.
Methods: Thirty canine patients with various cancer types participated in the study. Outcomes included blood biochemical parameters, disposition, appetite, body condition, pain management, and tumor growth. Insulin inhibition was achieved through carbohydrate restriction (5% of daily intake), while ensuring adequate macronutrient levels. Monitoring included body weight, serum electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, inflammatory markers, and imaging studies.
Results: All participants adapted to and completed the study, with many continuing the diet. Five patients alternated between KD and a low-carbohydrate diet. Improvements were observed in biochemical parameters, lipid profiles, appetite, body condition, pain control, and tumor growth management. Survival times exceeded reported averages by over 50%.
Conclusions: Preliminary data suggest that insulin-inhibiting diets are safe and feasible for cancer patients. The induction and maintenance of ketosis correlated with disease stabilization. While KD is not considered a standalone cancer treatment, it may complement therapies like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted inhibitors. Further research is necessary to evaluate its role in cancer management.
