(P19-036-25) A High Fat, Low Fiber Diet Is Associated With a Differential Bile Acid Profile and Gut Microbiome Composition in Early Adolescents

Objectives: We aimed to determine the association between dietary fat intake and the circulating bile acids profile, as well as its relationship with gut microbiome composition.

Methods: A total of 84 children aged 10 to 12 years were enrolled in this study. Habitual diet was determined with a FFQ, and children were stratified according to their dietary fat intake ( < 40% NonHF and ≥40% HF). Serum BAs were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gut microbial characterization was performed by shotgun sequencing.

Results: In the present study 32 children reported consumption of a high fat diet (HF) as well as lower fiber intake. In anthropometric data despite no difference in BMIp, children with the high fat diet showed a trend towards higher adiposity (P=0.071). Interestingly despite no differences in total serum bile acids, children in the high fat diet group showed a higher proportion of secondary bile acids and particularly those non-conjugated (P < 0.05). This difference was mainly determined by higher proportion of lithocholic acid (P=0.008); however, this was not related to metabolic traits.

Dietary fat intake was associated with a differentiated gut microbial profile, where species reported to have beneficial metabolic effects such as Bifidobacterium adolescentis and pseudocatenulatum, as well as the butyrate producer Anaerobutyricum hallii showed lower abundance with higher fat consumption. Interestingly some of the differentiated species with a high fat diet, were also associated with serum levels of lithocholic acid, supporting an interplay between the gut microbiome and the serum bile acid profile.

Conclusions: Our results support that a high fat, low fiber diet is associated with the circulating bile acid profile, and gut microbial composition, however this was not related to metabolic traits.

Funding Sources: CONACYHT